Amakuru

AMATEKA NA EVOLUTION YA ANESTHESIYA ITAVUGA

Gucunga ibiyobyabwenge biva mu kinyejana cya cumi na karindwi igihe Christopher Wren yateraga opium mu mbwa akoresheje ingagi y'ingagi n'uruhago rw'ingurube maze imbwa ihinduka 'igitsimbaraye'. Mu myaka ya za 1930 hexobarbital na pentothal byinjijwe mubikorwa byubuvuzi.

Mu myaka ya za 1960, Pharmacokinetic niho hashyizweho moderi nuburinganire bwa IV infusion hanyuma mu myaka ya za 1980, hashyirwaho uburyo bwo kugenzura mudasobwa ya IV. Mu 1996, intego ya mbere yagenzuwe na sisitemu yo kwinjiza ('Diprufusor').

BISOBANURO

A intego igenzurwani infusion igenzurwa muburyo bwo kugerageza kugera kumukoresha asobanura kwibanda kumiti mubice byumubiri cyangwa inyungu zinyungu. Iki gitekerezo cyatanzwe bwa mbere na Kruger Thiemer mu 1968.

FARMACOKINETICS

Umubare w'isaranganya.

Nubunini bugaragara aho ibiyobyabwenge bikwirakwizwa. Irabarwa na formula: Vd = dose / concentration yibiyobyabwenge. Agaciro kayo gashingiye niba yabazwe mugihe cya zeru - nyuma ya bolus (Vc) cyangwa kumiterere ihamye nyuma yo gushiramo (Vss).

Gusiba.

Clearance yerekana ingano ya plasma (Vp) aho imiti ikurwaho mugihe kimwe kugirango ibaze kurandurwa mumubiri. Gusiba = Kurandura X Vp.

Nkuko gusiba byongera igice cyubuzima kigabanuka, kandi uko ingano yo kugabura yiyongera niko igice cyubuzima cyiyongera. Clearance irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugusobanura uburyo ibiyobyabwenge byihuta mubice. Umuti ubanza gukwirakwizwa mubice byo hagati mbere yo gukwirakwizwa mubice bya periferi. Niba ingano yambere yo gukwirakwiza (Vc) hamwe nibyifuzo byibanda kubikorwa byo kuvura (Cp) bizwi, birashoboka kubara igipimo cyo gupakira kugirango ugere kuri ubwo bwitonzi:

Igipimo cyo gupakira = Cp x Vc

Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mukubara ibipimo bya bolus bisabwa kugirango byongere umuvuduko mwinshi mugihe gikomeza: Bolus dose = (Cnew - Cactual) X Vc. Igipimo cyo gushiramo kugirango ugumane imiterere ihamye = Cp X Clearance.

Uburyo bworoshye bwo kwinjiza ntabwo bugera kuri plasma ihagaze neza kugeza byibuze inshuro eshanu zo kurandura ubuzima. Ibyifuzo byifuzwa birashobora kugerwaho byihuse niba igipimo cya bolus gikurikirwa nigipimo cyo kwinjiza.