Amakuru

Mu myaka hafi 130, General Electric yari imwe mu nganda nini muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Ubu irimo gusenyuka.
Nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubuhanga bw'Abanyamerika, iyi nganda yashyize ikimenyetso cyayo ku bicuruzwa bitandukanye kuva kuri moteri z'indege kugeza ku matara, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni kugeza ku mashini za X-ray. Inkomoko y'iyi nganda ikomoka kuri Thomas Edison. Yahoze ari ingenzi mu bucuruzi kandi izwiho inyungu ihamye, imbaraga z'ibigo no gukomeza iterambere.
Ariko mu myaka ya vuba aha, ubwo General Electric igerageza kugabanya ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi no kwishyura imyenda minini, ingaruka zayo zikomeye zabaye ikibazo kiyibangamiye. Ubu, mu byo Perezida akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru Larry Culp (Larry Culp) yise "igihe cy'ingenzi", General Electric yanzuye ko ishobora kwikuramo agaciro kenshi ikoresheje uburyo bwo kwiyambura.
Iyi kompanyi yatangaje kuwa kabiri ko GE Healthcare iteganya gutangira mu ntangiriro za 2023, kandi ishami ry’ingufu zisubiramo n’ingufu rizashyiraho ubucuruzi bushya bw’ingufu mu ntangiriro za 2024. Ubucuruzi busigaye bwa GE buzibanda ku by’indege kandi buzayoborwa na Culp.
Mu itangazo Culp yagize ati: “Isi irasaba - kandi birakwiye - ko dukora uko dushoboye kose kugira ngo dukemure ibibazo bikomeye mu ndege, ubuvuzi n'ingufu.” “Mu gushyiraho amasosiyete atatu akomeye ku isi yashyizwe ku rutonde rw’inganda, buri sosiyete yombi ishobora kungukirwa no gushyira imari mu byiciro kandi ijyanye n’uburyo ikoreshwa ndetse no guhindura imiterere y’ingamba, bityo bigatuma abakiriya, abashoramari n’abakozi biyongera kandi bagahabwa agaciro mu gihe kirekire.”
Ibicuruzwa bya GE byageze mu mfuruka zose z'ubuzima bwa none: radiyo n'insinga, indege, amashanyarazi, ubuvuzi, mudasobwa, na serivisi z'imari. Nk'imwe mu ngingo z'ibanze za Dow Jones Industrial Average, imigabane yayo yahoze ari imwe mu migabane icunzwe cyane mu gihugu. Mu 2007, mbere y'ihungabana ry'ubukungu, General Electric yari sosiyete ya kabiri ku isi mu gaciro k'isoko, ihujwe na Exxon Mobil, Royal Dutch Shell na Toyota.
Ariko uko ibihangange mu ikoranabuhanga byo muri Amerika byafashe inshingano zo guhanga udushya, General Electric yatakaje ubutoni bw'abashoramari kandi biragoye kuyiteza imbere. Ibicuruzwa bya Apple, Microsoft, Alphabet, na Amazon byabaye igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubuzima bwa none bw'Abanyamerika, kandi agaciro kabyo ku isoko kageze kuri tiriyari z'amadolari. Muri icyo gihe, General Electric yangijwe n'imyaka myinshi y'imyenda, kugura ibintu bitari ngombwa, n'ibikorwa bidakora neza. Ubu ifite agaciro ka miliyari 122 z'amadolari ku isoko.
Dan Ives, umuyobozi mukuru wa Wedbush Securities, yavuze ko Wall Street yizera ko iyi gahunda yagombaga kuba yarabayeho kera cyane.
Ives yabwiye Washington Post mu butumwa bwa email kuwa kabiri ati: “Ibihangange gakondo nka General Electric, General Motors, na IBM bigomba kugendana n’ibihe, kuko izi sosiyete zo muri Amerika zireba mu ndorerwamo zigasanga iterambere rikomeje kugabanuka n’imikorere idakora neza. “Iki ni ikindi gice mu mateka maremare ya GE kandi ni ikimenyetso cy’ibihe muri iyi si nshya y’ikoranabuhanga.”
Mu gihe cyayo gikomeye, GE yari ifite agaciro gakomeye mu guhanga udushya no kuba indashyikirwa mu bigo. Jack Welch, umuyobozi we w’isi, yagabanyije umubare w’abakozi ndetse anateza imbere ikigo binyuze mu kugura ibikoresho. Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Fortune kibivuga, ubwo Welch yatangiraga kuyobora ikigo mu 1981, General Electric yari ifite agaciro ka miliyari 14 z’amadolari y’Amerika, kandi yari ifite agaciro ka miliyari zisaga 400 z’amadolari y’Amerika ubwo yavaga ku butegetsi nyuma y’imyaka 20.
Mu gihe abayobozi bakuru bashimwaga kubera kwibanda ku nyungu aho kureba ku kiguzi cy’imibereho myiza y’abacuruzi babo, yabaye icyitegererezo cy’imbaraga z’ikigo. "Financial Times" yamwise "se w’itsinda ry’abanyamigabane" kandi mu 1999, ikinyamakuru "Fortune" cyamwise "umuyobozi w’ikinyejana".
Mu 2001, ubuyobozi bwahawe Jeffrey Immelt, wavuguruye inyubako nyinshi zubatswe na Welch, maze ahura n'igihombo gikomeye kijyanye n'ibikorwa by'amashanyarazi n'imari bya sosiyete. Mu gihe cy'imyaka 16 Immelt yamaze, agaciro k'imigabane ya GE kagabanutseho kimwe cya kane.
Ubwo Culp yatangiraga imirimo yayo mu 2018, GE yari imaze kwiba ibikoresho byayo byo mu rugo, plastike n'ibigo bya serivisi z'imari. Wayne Wicker, Umuyobozi Mukuru w'Ishoramari muri MissionSquare Retirement, yavuze ko igikorwa cyo gukomeza gutandukanya ikigo kigaragaza "intego ya Culp ikomeje."
“Akomeje kwibanda ku koroshya uruhererekane rw’ubucuruzi bugoye yarazwe, kandi iki gikorwa gisa n’aho giha abashoramari uburyo bwo gusuzuma buri gice cy’ubucuruzi ku giti cyabo,” Wick yabwiye Washington Post mu butumwa bwa email. “Buri kigo muri ibi kizaba gifite inama y’ubuyobozi, ishobora kwibanda cyane ku bikorwa mu gihe igerageza kongera agaciro k’abanyamigabane.”
General Electric yatakaje umwanya wayo muri Dow Jones Index mu 2018, iwusimbuza Walgreens Boots Alliance muri blue chip index. Kuva mu 2009, igiciro cy'imigabane yayo cyagabanutseho 2% buri mwaka; nk'uko CNBC ibivuga, mu buryo butandukanye, S&P 500 index igira inyungu ya 9%.
Muri iryo tangazo, General Electric yavuze ko biteganijwe ko izagabanya umwenda wayo ho miliyari 75 z'amadolari y'Amerika mu mpera za 2021, kandi umwenda wose usigaye ni hafi miliyari 65 z'amadolari y'Amerika. Ariko nk'uko Colin Scarola, umusesenguzi w'imigabane muri CFRA Research abivuga, imyenda y'iyi sosiyete ishobora kuba igifite ingaruka ku isosiyete nshya yigenga.
“Gutandukana ntabwo bitangaje, kuko General Electric imaze imyaka myinshi ikuraho ubucuruzi mu rwego rwo kugabanya ingengo y’imari yayo irenze urugero,” Scarola yavuze mu ijambo yashyikirije Washington Post kuri email kuwa kabiri. “Gahunda y’imiterere y’imari nyuma y’iyi gahunda ntabwo iratangwa, ariko ntitwatangazwa niba iyi sosiyete ifite umwenda urenze urugero wa GE, nk’uko bikunze kugaragara kuri ubu bwoko bw’ivugurura.”
Imigabane ya General Electric yafunze ku madolari 111.29 kuwa kabiri, yazamutseho hafi 2.7%. Nk’uko imibare ya MarketWatch ibivuga, imigabane yazamutseho ibirenga 50% mu 2021.